listening for circumstances like 'at the cinema', 'last night' etc. to understand an anecdote

being prepared to listen to a story about motor racing by reminding yourself of words you are likely to hear: pit stop, car, driver, overtake etc.

listening to hear a single word in an announcement only

waiting till the end of a story to see what the teller's view is

monitoring a news broadcast to hear about your area or country only

listening out for particular phrases which will introduce important information

applying knowledge of the people and story to understand a TV drama

bottom-up processing listening for specific words

combining top-down knowledge (of the structure of a text like this) with bottom-up processing of particular language

bottom-up processing of lexical chunks

top-down processing using previous knowledge to predict what people will say

bottom-up processing of discourse markers

bottom-up processing using phonological clues

top-down processing using knowledge of the topic