The assertion that "Language consists of grammaticalised lexis, not lexicalised grammar" forms one basis of the __________ approach.

A lexeme such as 'washing machine' or an expression such as 'tomorrow afternoon' is referred to as a(n) __________.

The process of taking a sample text and analysing its staging and structure with learners is indicative of a __________ approach.

Knowing how to use and respond to different types of speech acts – requests, apologies etc. is referred to __________ competence.

Knowing how to use the grammar and vocabulary of the language is referred to __________ competence.

Focusing on theme and rheme structures in texts is central to a(n) __________ approach.

Performance (a speaker's use of language) is often contrasted with __________ (a speaker's knowledge of the language's systems).

The fact that "It's cold in here" can be interpreted as "Please close the window" is an example if the expression's __________ force.

__________ methods place great emphasis on spoken accuracy, drilling, repetition and language-habit formation.

The assertion that using the language to do tasks aids learning and memorisation of language patterns and functions is indicative of a(n) __________ __________ approach.

Krashen's assertion that there is a distinction between language __________ and language learning is his first hypothesis.

Barriers to learning, such as stress levels, insecurity etc. produce, according to Krashen, a(n) __________ filter.

The use of wooden rods, charts of sounds and the fact that the teacher says as little as possible are central to the __________ __________ approach.

An approach characterised by linking physical movement to the language items to be learned is often called __________ __________ __________.

When the teacher's role is purely that of a counsellor and knower, the approach is __________ __________ __________.

Gattegno is closely associated with __________.

The approach which abjures the use of published materials and the importation of technology into the classroom is called __________.