An acculturation model refers to:
- the fact that learners who need to or can integrate with the target culture learn better.
- how much a learner knows about the culture of the target language.
- how learners see their own culture.
- how learners can bring their own culture to the classroom.
The term affordance refers to:
- how much a learner is involved.
- what the learner perceives as useful in an item.
- how much a learner is willing to invest in training.
- what a learner can already do.
An agglutinating language will have:
- a low morpheme to word ratio.
- endings on words only showing case and tense.
- very few inflexions.
- a high morpheme to word ratio.
An analytic or isolating language will have:
- many tense endings.
- a high morpheme to word ratio.
- lots of compound verbs.
- a low morpheme to word ratio.
An approximative system is related to the concept of:
- adjacency.
- interlanguage.
- overgeneralisation.
- appropriacy.
Avoidance is a kind of:
- question evasion strategy.
- testing strategy.
- coping strategy.
- facilitation tactic.
A barrier test is designed to:
- discover learners' strengths and weaknesses.
- check a learner's aptitude for learning.
- filter learners for admission to particular courses.
- diagnose a learner's level.
CLIL stands for:
- Communicative Language in Cooperation.
- Content and Language Integrated Learning.
- Communication Level in Learning.
- Class and Intelligence Interest.
A cognate word is one which:
- is similarly derived and related in meaning in the learner's first language.
- forms a couplet.
- is misleadingly similar in a learner's first language.
- is always a false friend.
Competence refers to:
- linguistic ability.
- communicative ability.
- the speaker's internalised knowledge of the language.
- what a person can say in a language.
Construct validity describes:
- how the test is perceived by the test taker.
- whether a test really targets what the designer says it targets.
- whether and how far a test will produce similar results to similar tests.
- a test-setter's ability to identify what is being tested.
Criterion referenced testing means:
- measuring ability against a set of criteria.
- grading learners in comparison to each other.
- marking a test objectively.
- setting a test that requires adherence to a set of criteria.
The critical period hypothesis claims that:
- language items must be introduced only when the learner is ready to process them.
- language is acquired not learned.
- children learn faster than adults.
- language cannot be fully acquired after a certain age.
A distractor is:
- a poorly written test rubric.
- a wrong answer in a multiple-choice test.
- an impediment to noticing language items.
- an impediment to comprehension of a reading or listening text.
Encyclopaedic knowledge refers to:
- what a teacher needs to know.
- what a person knows about the world in general.
- what people know about each other.
- what a learner is expected to know about the language.
Facilitation refers to:
- the ways in which speakers can make their messages easier to understand.
- making things simpler in tests.
- scaffolding learners' efforts.
- operating in the Zone of Proximal Development.
Guided discovery is closely related to:
- inductive learning.
- task-based learning and teaching.
- structural linguistics.
- deductive learning.
Shielding devices:
- protect the writer from accusations of too much certainty.
- protect learners from feelings of insecurity.
- are a way of rebutting criticisms.
- disguise the writer's intentions.
Innateness theory claims that:
- all languages are innate.
- the ability to learn a language is genetically determined.
- learning ability is genetically determined.
- people learn by imitation.
Interference refers to:
- the effect of background noise or indistinctness in terms of listening comprehension.
- the effect of poorly timed error correction.
- the negative effect of a learner's first language(s) on the learning of a target language.
- the effect of unknown vocabulary items blocking comprehension.
The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis refers to:
- the claim that language is best learned through interactions with native speakers.
- the claim that people's first languages determine the nature of their thoughts.
- the claim that all languages have the same basic structural building blocks.
- the assumption that language acquisition requires a cognitive commitment.
The term lexicon refers to:
- the possible words which can be constructed from the language's morphemes.
- the way in which words are stored and retrieved from memory.
- dictionary entries.
- a learner’s total knowledge of words in a language.
Metalanguage is:
- circumlocution.
- asking for clarification and repetition.
- a learner's use of invented or first-language words to help production.
- the language we use to talk about language.
Mode of discourse refers to:
- the medium of communication which is used.
- the nature of the verbal processes which are involved in a text.
- the relationship between hearer and speaker and / or reader and writer.
- the topic area in which language is produced.
Monitor listening is the equivalent in listening of:
- extensive reading.
- scanning.
- intensive reading.
- skimming.
The natural approach is:
- a communicative approach focused on natural conversation.
- another term for direct method.
- a teaching approach based on a theory of how people acquire their first language(s).
- an approach similar to Dogme which focuses on emergent language.
Noticing the gap consists of:
- making yourself aware of language form and function.
- comparing what you see and hear with what you produce.
- being alert to how things are pronounced.
- testing learners through a Cloze test procedure.
A notional syllabus focuses on:
- strategic communicative competence.
- cognitive theories of learning.
- language used to express fundamental concepts.
- adjacency pairs.
Overgeneralisation is also referred to as:
- assuming an item will be irregular.
- ignorance of rule restriction.
- U-shaped learning.
- failing to hedge appropriately.
Problematising is also referred to as:
- noticing.
- making tests at the right level.
- the garden path approach.
- task-based learning and teaching.
A procedural syllabus focuses on:
- presentation before production.
- situations in which language may be used.
- tasks to be accomplished.
- writing skills.
Register refers to:
- the level of formality.
- the field of interest in which language occurs.
- the roles of the participants in communication.
- the relationship between speaker and listener.
Reliability is:
- a measure of how easy a test is to mark.
- a measure of how well a test focuses on the aims of a teaching programme.
- a measure of how practical a test is to administer.
- a measure of how trustworthy a test is.
Schemata are:
- various types of encyclopaedic knowledge.
- mental frameworks in which information is ordered and classified.
- skeleton completion tests.
- conversational frames.
Bloom's taxonomy concerns:
- multiple intelligence theory.
- learning styles.
- cognitive modes.
- educational objectives.
In genre theory, tenor of discourse is determined by:
- the intentions of the participants in an interaction rather than transaction.
- the use of intonation and stress.
- the mode of communication.
- the relationship between the speaker / writer and the hearer / reader.
A topic sentence:
- is one in which the object is raised to the subject position.
- refers anaphorically to the paragraph's contents.
- sets out the theme of the paragraph.
- sets out the rheme of the paragraph.
ZPD stands for:
- Zone of Proximal Development.
- Zigzag Personal Development.
- Zoned Pedagogical Determiners.
- Zero Potential Digression.
A test which asks learners to select either True or False is:
- ... a subjective item test.
- ... a multiple choice test.
- ... an alternative answer test.
- ... a discrete item test.
Audio-lingualism draws on:
- functional analysis of language and behaviourist theories of learning.
- notional analysis of language and behaviourist theories of learning.
- structural linguistic analysis of language and behaviourist theories of learning.
- structuralist analysis of language and cognitivist theories of learning.
Authenticity is of two types which are:
- absolute and relative authenticity.
- text and purpose authenticity.
- true and quasi-authenticity.
- quasi- and semi-authenticity.
The effect that the construction and content of a test or examination has on the content and activities of a teaching programme is known as:
- backwash.
- backchaining.
- reductive teaching.
- backchannelling.
Community Language Learning is based on:
- transactional theory.
- theories of counselling.
- communicative motivation.
- structural linguistics.
CALL stands for:
- Cognitively Advanced Language Learning.
- Communicatively Adjusted Language Lessons.
- Competence Acquisition Language Learning.
- Computer Assisted Language Learning.
Contrastive analysis involves:
- the difference between two closely related lexemes.
- the differences between two language structures.
- the differences between groups of learners.
- similarities and differences between languages.
Conversational analysis is:
- another term for discourse analysis.
- the analysis of turn-taking skills.
- a branch of functional linguistics.
- an approach to the study of social interaction concerned with verbal and non-verbal behaviours.
A descriptive grammar may be contrasted most accurately with:
- a prescriptive grammar.
- a functional grammar.
- a pedagogic grammar.
- a structural grammar.
EOP stands for:
- English to Other People.
- English for Other Purposes.
- English for Occupational Purposes.
- English Otherwise Produced.
Instrumental motivation refers to:
- learning a language to access literature and culture.
- learning a language for pleasure.
- learning a language to fit in with the target culture.
- learning a language to achieve other aims.
This is the last question. Make a note of your score now.
Expectancy theory involves:
- the ways in which the language can be used in expected situations.
- the value of the outcome, the learner's expectation of being able to learn the targets and the likelihood of success.
- the enjoyability of the process, the learner's expectation of being able to learn the targets and the likelihood of success.
- the instrumentality of the outcomes of learning.