The sentence "She finally acceded to his demands for money is best analysed as
a noun-phrase with a post-Head adverb phrase + a verb phrase with a pre-Head adverbial phrase and 2 post-Head prepositional phrases with a noun-phrase complement
a pronoun Head + a verb phrase with a pre-Head adverbial phrase + 2 post-Head noun phrases
a pronoun Head + a verb phrase with a post-Head adverbial phrase and a post-Head prepositional phrase with a noun-phrase complement
a pronoun Head + a verb phrase with a pre-Head adverbial phrase and 2 post-Head prepositional phrases with noun-phrase complements
He worked just over two hours before giving up contains
a pre-modified preposition
a post-modified prepositional phrase
a pre-modified verb phrase
a pre-modified prepositional phrase
She quickly opened the letter with trembling fingers contains
a noun phrase with a post-Head prepositional phrase
a verb phrase with a pre-Head adverb phrase and a post-Head prepositional phrase
two post-modified noun phrases
a post-modified noun phrase
In this: The farsighted decision not to build near the river has been a great benefit to the community, we have
an adverb phrase
two noun phrases with post-Heads
two noun phrases, both containing a pre-modifying adjective phrase
a pre-modified verb phrase
"Unfortunately for me, nobody spoke any English" contains
a verb phrase with a pre-Head adverb phrase
a prepositional phrase with a pre-Head modifier
an adverb phrase with a post-Head prepositional phrase
a noun-phrase pre-Head string 'nobody'
The only part of a phrase which cannot be omitted is ...
... the Head
... the pre-Head
... the post-Head
Verbs which never take a noun phrase as the post-Head are
ditransitive
defective
intransitive
transitive
The subject noun phrase in the sentence "The complex reasons for the disaster which have never been properly analysed have been the subject of much heated and uniformed debate in this House." is
the subject of much heated and uniformed debate in this House.
The reasons
The complex reasons for the disaster
The complex reasons for the disaster which have never been properly analysed "
A prepositional phase usually consists of
the Head preposition plus a post-Head verb phrase complement
the Head preposition plus an adverb phrase complement
the pre-modifying pre-Head plus the Head preposition
the Head preposition plus its noun phrase complement