An end-of-week written test to see what needs recycling

Setting an end-of-course examination to see who goes up to the next level

Stopping in the middle of a lesson and getting the learners to tell you what they have learned so far

Listening hard to the learners communicating at the end of the lesson to see how well they are using the targets

informal, formative testing

informal, summative testing

formal, formative testing

formal, summative testing